Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of perennial plants?

Perennial plants are defined by their ability to live for multiple growing seasons, which distinguishes them from annuals and biennials. The correct choice underscores that perennials typically have a lifespan longer than one year.

Perennials are characterized by their capacity to die back above ground during colder seasons, such as winter, while their root systems remain intact and alive underground. This allows them to regrow in the following spring, showcasing their resilience and adaptability to seasonal changes.

Additionally, perennial plants can be either herbaceous, meaning they have green stems that die down in winter, or woody, where they have persistent, woody stems that can survive through winter.

In contrast, the statement regarding a short lifespan of less than one year accurately describes annual plants, which complete their life cycle within a single growing season and do not have the longevity associated with perennials. This fundamental trait of annuals is why perennial plants do not fit the description of having such a short lifespan.